Mar 23, 2015 the shoulder is a complex combination of bones and joints where many muscles act to provide the widest range of motion of any part of the body. Understand the biomechanics of the shoulder complex. Anatomy, shoulder and upper limb, infraspinatus muscle ncbi. Tactile cues include touching, goading or raking muscles that need to be activated e. An exercise program can strengthen shoulder muscles and improve flexibility in the shoulder. Abduction out of total 180 degree elevation, humerus move 120 degree at shoulder joint and the remaining 60 is done by the scapula at the joints of shoulder girdle 29. This ebook contains highquality illustrations and validated information about each muscle. The shoulder girdle composed of the scapula and clavicle and pelvic girdle are the two points in the body where the axial and the appendicular skeletons meet. The rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons, which hold the glenohumeral joint together and help lift the arm overhead, such as throwing a ball or swimming. M ovements of the human shoulder represent a complex dynamic relationship of many muscleforces, liga ment constraints, and bony articulations. Muscle connections of the scapula and upper extremity. Describe the structure, support, and movements of the joints of the shoulder girdle, shoulder joint, elbow, wrist, and hand. Thousands of new, highquality pictures added every day. The upper extremity ue is comprised of its associated muscles, nerves, and vessels, organized into anatomical compartments.
Mar 24, 2019 the shoulder is not a single joint, but a complex arrangement of bones, ligaments, muscles, and tendons that is better called the shoulder girdle. This extensive range of motion makes the shoulder joint fairly unstable. The acromioclavicular ac joint is a gliding joint formed between the clavicle and. The bursa is a small sac of fluid that cushions and. This instability is countered by the strength of the rotator cuff muscles, tendons, ligaments, and the glenoid labrum. Because the shoulder can be unstable, it is the site of many common problems. Functional anatomy of the shoulder acomprehensive knowledge of the functional anatomy of the shoulder girdle and all of its component parts is mandatory in understanding armshoulder function. The shoulder joint structure movement teachmeanatomy. Nov 23, 2015 the shoulder comprises bones, ligaments, tendons, and muscles that connect the arm to the torso. Functional anatomy of the shoulder acomprehensive knowledge of the functional anatomy of the shoulder girdle and all of its component parts is mandatory in understanding arm shoulder function. The rotator cuff is a collection of muscles and tendons that surround the shoulder, giving it support and allowing a wide range of motion.
The muscles surrounding the joint undergo reflex spasm in response to pain. These include biceps brachii, triceps brachii and coracobrachialis. This muscle originates from the surfaces of the upper 8 ribs, at the side of the chest. Rotator cuff rotator cuff the rotat or cuff r efers to a g roup of f our tendons that attach four shoulder muscles to the upper arm humerus and hold it in the shoulder joint. The muscles that provide the movement for the shoulder and upper arm include the anterior muscles in the front, the posterior muscles in the back, and the shoulder muscles that are sort of in between.
Integrating the shoulder complex to the body as a whole. Pictures and oian learn with flashcards, games, and more for free. The basic function of the shoulder is to place the arm and especially the hand into a functional position that permits manipulative activities figure 4. Muscle anatomy flashcards 12 photos of the muscle anatomy flashcards best muscle anatomy flash cards, cat muscle anatomy flash cards, facial muscle anatomy flash cards, muscle anatomy flash cards free, muscle anatomy flash cards pdf, human muscles, best muscle anatomy flash cards, cat muscle anatomy flash cards. The function of this entire muscular apparatus is to produce movement at the shoulder joint while keeping the head of humerus stable and centralized within the. Ebraheims educational animated video describes muscle anatomy of the shoulder girdle and anatomy of the shoulder joint. Muscles of the shoulder region anatomy 622 coursebook. Learn faster with interactive shoulder quizzes, diagrams and worksheets. The shoulder girdle and upper arm are made up of a number of muscles and tendons. Mar 15, 2020 related posts of muscle anatomy of the shoulder muscle anatomy flashcards. The system used here groups the muscles based on their function and topography which are closely related in the upper limb. See more ideas about shoulder anatomy, anatomy and scapula. The three bones that make up the shoulder joint include the clavicle collarbone, scapula shoulder blade, and humerus long bone of the arm.
These two joints work together at the arm to allow the shoulder to move in a large circle and to rotate around its axis. The shoulder is made up of two joints, the acromioclavicular joint and the glenohumeral joint. Wikipedia introduction this section will cover the anatomy of the shoulders and touch on the anatomy of the arms which we will cover more. Due to wide range of movement it is also most unstable joint compared to other joints of the body. The main shoulder muscles are trapezius, deltoid, pectoralis major and 4 rotator cuff muscles. Please practice handwashing and social distancing, and check out our resources for adapting to these times. Pdf anatomy, shoulder and upper limb, shoulder muscles. The joint is sensitive to pain, pressure, excessive traction, and distension. Although patients positioning for shoulder us varies widely across different. The deepest layer includes the bones and the joints of the shoulder. The list of muscles and their functions are presented below. These are the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and subscapularis muscles.
Anatomy of the shoulder health encyclopedia university of. Shoulder muscles move the shoulder blades and upper arm bones. Nov 29, 2016 the humerus is connected to the scapula and the scapula is connected to the. This quiz will test your understanding of the muscles that make up the shoulder muscle group. Injury to the shoulder joint is followed by pain, limitation of movement, and muscle atrophy owing to disuse. Shoulder muscles and chest human anatomy diagram with. Describe the scapulohumeral rhythm in an arm movement. The function of the shoulder is influenced by man joints. Man y shoulder pr oblems ar e caused b y injuries to the rotat or cuff. The next layer is made up of the ligaments of the joints. Shoulder anatomy part 2 shoulder muscles animated anatomy. The muscles of the shoulder dynamically function in performing a wide. Stability is provided mainly by ligaments, tendons and muscles. Shoulder muscles anatomy, actions, diagram ehealthstar.
May 10, 2015 shoulder muscles and chest human anatomy diagram. Rotator cuff and shoulder conditioning program orthoinfo aaos. Help support and rotate the shoulder in many directions. Shoulder anatomy 6 exercises for shoulder size and strength. Muscles of the shoulder and upper human anatomy body. Secure theraband around a stable object, like a pole. Anterior muscles coracobrachialis pectoralis major subscapularis. Shoulder muscles and chest human anatomy diagram free pdf. Scapula and clavicle shoulder girdle musculoskeletal, shoulder, tutorials, upper limb by admin december 12, 2011 6 comments. The roof or highest point of the shoulder that is formed by a part of the scapula. Anatomy and injuries of the shoulder anatomical chart. Anatomy of the muscular system chapter 10 281 figure 103 structure of a muscle organ.
The shoulder comprises of bones, ligaments, tendons and muscles that connect the arm to the torso. Anatomy and injuries of the shoulder illustrates the following normal anatomy. To remain in a stable or normal position, the shoulder must be anchored by muscles, tendons and ligaments. Introduction shoulder joint is formed by scapula and clavicle which is also called as shoulder girdleand proximal humerus. This section will cover the anatomy of the shoulders and touch on the anatomy of the arms which we will cover more. Anatomy of the shoulder see online here the shoulder is the region of the body that connects the upper limb with the trunk. Rotator cuff muscles surround the shoulder joint, attaching to the tuberosities of the humerus, whilst also fusing with the joint capsule. Shoulder anatomy 6 exercises for shoulder size and.
The rotator cuff tendons are a group of tendons that connect the deepest layer of muscles to the humerus. Shoulder european society of musculoskeletal radiology. The shoulder has two joints that work together to allow arm movement. The shoulder complex includes the articulations of the humerus, the clavicle, the scapula, and the posterior surface of the ribs. Here i have explained the shoulder muscles and in my previous video i have talked about the shoulder joint. The muscles surrounding the joint undergo reflex spasm in response to pain originating in the joint, which in turn serves to immobilize the joint and thus reduce the pain. The acromioclavicular joint is where the acromion, part of the shoulder blade scapula and the collar bone clavicle meet. Anatomy of the shoulder everything you need to know dr. In this lesson we will explain the muscles of the shoulder. Most shoulder injuries can be treated conservatively with rest, ice, mobilization, and physical therapy.
The shoulder is the most mobile joint in the body with the least stability. The primary function of the shoulder girdle is to give strength and range of motion to the arm. May 01, 2016 abduction 180 degrees muscles involved. The shoulder has about eight muscles that attach to the scapula, humerus, and clavicle.
Each illustration is clealy labeled and injuries are textually described. Gently stretching after strengthening exercises can help reduce muscle soreness and keep your muscles long and flexible. The wide range of motion of the shoulder is allowed by the variety of rotational moments of the cuff muscles. Therefore, many shoulder injuries occur in people with occupations that require overhead work. Rotator cuff muscles action must be precisely coordinated to obtain the desired movement. Anterior view showing muscles, bones, liagments, nerves, veins and arterires anterior view deep layer of the bones, ligaments and mucsle posterior view.
These shoulder muscles can be separated into three important groups. Physical therapy is an effective, nonsurgical treatment for many shoulder conditions. However a series of complex ligaments and muscle keep it in joint. Muscles of the shoulder girdle muscles that have migrated from the head. Superficial muscles how often do you see a tear of these.
A detailed chart showing normal anatomy of the shoulder as well as common injuries. Jul 26, 2015 so this is my second video about the shoulder anatomy. Looking at the muscles involved in this shoulder movement, we can see that the deltoid and pectoralis muscles in the shoulder, along with the latissimus dorsi muscles along the back side, allow for freedom of movement in the. Understanding how the different layers of the shoulder are built and connected can help you understand how the shoulder works and is affected by injury and overuse.
Anatomy of the shoulder health encyclopedia university. They include sprains, strains, dislocations, separations, tendinitis, bursitis, torn rotator cuffs, frozen shoulder, fractures and arthritis. These muscles form the outer shape of the shoulder and underarm. Muscles of the shoulder can be subdivided into a variety of groups depending on origin, topography, function or innervation. Muscles of the arm that enter into the shoulder complex are separated into anterior flexor and posterior extensor compartments. Find shoulder anatomy stock images in hd and millions of other royaltyfree stock photos, illustrations and vectors in the shutterstock collection. The infraspinatus is is a thick triangular muscle that occupies much of the infraspinous fossa of the scapula. The shoulder joint glenohumeral joint is a ball and socket joint with the most extensive range of motion in the human body. It has the greatest range of motion of any joint in the body. The muscles of the shoulder either connect the scapula and clavicle to the trunk, or connect the clavicle, scapula and body wall to the proximal top end of the humerus. The shoulder girdle includes three bonesthe scapula, clavicle and humerus. The tough cords of tissue that connect muscles to bones. Shoulder pain the synovial membrane, capsule, and ligaments of the shoulder joint are innervated by the axillary nerve and the suprascapular nerve. The glenohumeral joint is where the ball humeral head and the socket the glenoid meet.
Shoulder anatomy jacksonville orthopaedic institute. The clavicle and the scapula are important osseous structures that provide origination sites for many of the shoulder muscles. Identify sources of pain not all anatomical illustrations are. This muscle chart ebook covers the following regions.
The shoulder muscles bridge the transitions from the torso into the headneck area and into the uppe stay safe and healthy. List the adductor muscles pect major upper and lower. Repetitive overhead motions place the muscles and tendons of the shoulder in a vulnerable position. Pdf anatomy, shoulder and upper limb, hand compartments. Four anterior pectoral muscles move the pectoral girdle and arm from the front. Shoulder exercises wing ftp server university of western states. Numerous muscles help stabilize the three joints of. The trapezius, levator scapulae, and rhomboids originate from the base of the skull andor spine and connect the scapula and clavicle to the trunk of the body. May 12, 2020 the rotator cuff muscles are four muscles that form a musculotendinous unit around the shoulder joint. The three bones that make up the shoulder joint include the clavicle collar bone, the scapula the shoulder blade and the humerus the long bone of the arm. Note that the connective tissue coverings, the epimysium, perimysium, and endomysium, are continuous with each other and with the tendon.
We use our shoulder muscles for stabilization and arm movement. Muscles of the shoulder radiology reference article. Identify the muscular actions contributing to shoulder girdle, elbow, wrist, and hand movements. Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, ters minor,et, using interactive animations and labeled diagrams.